South Korea lawmakers vote to impeach president over martial law declaration

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Expert says South Korean president's failed martial law declaration attempt a ‘blunder,' to ‘reassert himself’

South Korea’s opposition parties moved Wednesday to impeach President Yoon Suk Yeol.

South Korean lawmakers on Saturday voted to impeach President Yoon Suk Yeol over his short-lived martial law declaration earlier this month. 

The National Assembly passed the motion in a 204-85 vote on Saturday. 

Saturday’s vote means that Yoon's presidential powers and duties have been suspended after the copies of a document on the impeachment were delivered to him and to the Constitutional Court. Prime Minister Han Duck-soo will now assume the role of acting president. 

The court has up to 180 days to determine whether to dismiss Yoon as president or restore his powers. If he's thrown out of office, a national election to choose his successor must be held within 60 days.

NORTH KOREA CONDEMNS SOUTH KOREA AS ‘FASCIST DICTATORSHIP’ AFTER MARTIAL LAW SCARE

South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol speaks at the presidential office in Seoul, South Korea, Saturday, Dec. 7, 2024. (AP)

Opposition leader Lee Jae-myung hailed the outcome of the vote, saying the motion's passage proved the people are the country's masters and marked the beginning of a new democracy, according to Yonhap News Agency. 

Saturday marked lawmakers' second attempt to impeach the South Korean president. Yoon survived an impeachment vote last weekend after most lawmakers of the ruling People Power Party boycotted the floor vote. 

Since then, some PPP lawmakers announced their intentions to vote for Yoon's impeachment in a second vote, as public protests against Yoon intensified and his approval rating plummeted.

South Korea's main opposition Democratic Party leader Lee Jae-myung, bottom center, shouts slogans during a joint press conference with members of civil society and the five opposition parties to condemn the ruling People Power Party at the National Assembly in Seoul, South Korea, Friday, Dec. 6, 2024.  (Park Dong-ju/Yonhap via AP)

Though lasting only six hours, Yoon's Dec. 3 martial law declaration – the first of its kind in more than four decades in South Korea – has thrown the East Asian nation into political turmoil, halting diplomatic activities and rattling financial markets. Yoon was forced to lift his decree after parliament unanimously voted to overturn it.

SOUTH KOREA'S FORMER DEFENSE MINISTER ATTEMPTED SUICIDE AFTER HE WAS ARRESTED OVER MARTIAL LAW PROBE

After declaring martial law, Yoon sent hundreds of troops and police officers to the parliament to try to impede its vote on the decree before they withdrew after the parliament rejected it. No major violence occurred. 

But in the days since, thousands of protesters have poured into the streets of the capital, Seoul, braving the bitter cold, calling for the president's ouster and arrest. Yoon's conservative supporters, meanwhile, have held counterprotests, denouncing attempts to impeach the president. 

South Korea's ruling People Power Party leader Han Dong-hun, right, speaks during a press conference at the National Assembly in Seoul, South Korea, Friday, Dec. 6, 2024. (Jo Sung-bong/Newsis via AP)

Yoon has been banned from leaving South Korea, as law enforcement authorities are investigating whether he and others involved in the martial law declaration committed rebellion, abuse of power and other crimes. If convicted, the leader of a rebellion plot can face the death penalty or life imprisonment.

Yoon has the presidential privilege of immunity from criminal prosecution, but that doesn't extend to allegations of rebellion or treason. Subsequently, Yoon could be investigated, detained, arrested or indicted over his martial law decree, but many observers doubt that authorities will forcefully detain him because of the potential for clashes with his presidential security service.

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Yoon's defense minister, police chief and the head of Seoul's metropolitan police agency have been arrested over their roles in the martial law case. Other senior military and government officials also face investigations.

The Associated Press contributed to this report.