Germany, France Reach Deal on Euro Debt Crisis

Germany and France have overcome differences over how to combat the continent's spreading debt crises and agreed on a common position ahead of an emergency European summit Thursday, the French president's office said.

The leaders of the eurozone's biggest economies held last-ditch talks for seven hours in Berlin late Wednesday, amid pressure for a big announcement that could boost market confidence and contain the turmoil.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Nicolas Sarkozy "reached agreement on a common Franco-German position," Sarkozy's office said in a statement early Thursday, without elaborating on what the position is.

Germany had downplayed calls for anything "spectacular" while France had pushed for a strong, long-term aid plan for Greece at Thursday's summit in Brussels.

The stakes are high. Markets have been extremely volatile over the past weeks on fears the crisis might spread to larger countries like Italy. The International Monetary Fund warned that leaders must do more to keep debt troubles from poisoning the entire continent's economy.

Merkel and Sarkozy met with European Central Bank chief Jean-Claude Trichet on Wednesday as they worked toward a plan. They told EU President Herman Van Rompuy about their agreement so that he can take it into account in his consultations ahead of Thursday's meetings, expected to start midday in Brussels, the French statement said.

Earlier Wednesday, Merkel's spokesman Steffen Seibert said the leaders would discuss "all the options on the table and agree, if possible, on a joint position."

But he reiterated Merkel's stance that the talks will not yield a "spectacular solution" that fixes Greece's problems quickly, but will be merely a stepping stone in a longer process. Merkel had said there would be no decision to restructure Greece's debt or create eurobonds that link debt across countries.

The French government and the European Commission, however, warned that it was urgent that the EU come up with a significant deal.

French Finance Minister Francois Baroin told France-Info radio that "there should be a strong message tomorrow, from the highest level."

European Commission president Jose Manuel Barroso said "nobody should be under any illusion, the situation is very serious."

He said that at the very least, leaders need to present how they will make Greece's debt sustainable, under what terms private creditors will have to contribute to a new bailout for the country, and what new powers to give to their bailout fund.

European leaders have faced criticism for their slow, piecemeal efforts to stem the debt crisis.

The IMF urged European leaders to act more boldly, warning that there is "no consistent roadmap ahead" and that this could produce "possible significant regional and global spillovers."

"Market participants remain unconvinced that a sustainable solution is at hand," the report said.

"Limiting any further damage is now crucial."

Borrowing rates have risen particularly sharply in Italy and pain and while they eased slightly a day ahead of the summit, sentiment remains fragile as investors see no immediate way through Europe's policy stalemate.

Merkel has opposed a restructuring of Greece's debt that would force losses upon private sector creditors as well as any notion of creating eurobonds -- debt that links different countries together.

Such jointly guaranteed bonds for the entire eurozone would make borrowing cheaper for countries with shaky finances but more expensive for nations with a top rating such as Germany.

Unsurprisingly, Berlin is the main country to oppose such a measure.

Germany and France stressed that both nations must seek a joint position to make the summit of the 17 eurozone nations' leaders a success.

"Germany and France -- as Europe's unification has shown -- must reach an agreement, if that doesn't happen Europe does not advance," Merkel's spokesman Seibert said.

So far, discussions on the contribution of private creditors have revolved around three options, according to a paper from a eurozone officials' working group dated July 16.

The first would see the eurozone's bailout fund finance a buyback of Greek government bonds at their current distressed prices, paired with guarantees that the remaining bonds would be repaid. That option would give the Greek state the biggest short-term relief, but may be the most expensive for the eurozone.

The eurozone would not only have to fund the buybacks and repayment guarantees, but the paper says they would likely be seen as a default by rating agencies. That would force the eurozone to come up with the liquidity support for Greek banks that would be cut off from the European Central Bank's financial lifelines.

The second option reverts to a proposal made by French banks several weeks ago. Banks would reinvest part of the money they collect from maturing Greek bonds into new bonds with long repayment deadlines.

However, that proposal would still trigger a "selective default" rating, requiring liquidity and capital support for Greek banks. It would provide significant short-term relief for Greece, the paper says, but should come with lower interest rates and longer maturities for the eurozone loans.

The third option is the only one that would avoid a default rating, but will likely run into huge opposition from banks that don't hold Greek bonds. It proposes a tax on the financial sector to recoup part of the cost of rescuing Greece. However, it would only result in small short-term relief for Greece.

By the time the leaders' top advisers meet Thursday morning ahead of the summit, the paper will most likely be narrowed down to two possible plans: one that would trigger a default -- a combination of option one and two -- and one that won't, said a eurozone official. The official was speaking on condition of anonymity, because talks were still ongoing.

Greece, meanwhile, is struggling to reduce its budget deficit from 10.5 percent of Gross Domestic Product in 2010 to 7.5 percent this year as it implements harsh austerity measures that have pushed the country into recession.

Data released Wednesday showed revenues euro3 billion in arrears, with the January-June deficit reaching euro12.7 billion on a fiscal basis -- against a budgeted euro10.3 billion.

"Tomorrow's summit will determine the future of the country and of Europe," government spokesman Elias Mossialos said in Athens.